
The journal adheres to the principles of academic integrity and editorial responsibility. The retraction of published articles is carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and international standards of scholarly publishing.
A retraction may be initiated in cases including, but not limited to:
The retraction procedure may be initiated by:
All reports of potential violations are subject to mandatory review.
The Editorial Board examines the reported concerns and may involve independent experts when necessary. Authors are given the opportunity to provide explanations.
The investigation is conducted in accordance with the principles of objectivity, impartiality, and confidentiality.
Following the investigation, the Editorial Board may decide to:
If a decision to retract an article is made:
The retraction process is based on the following principles:
In the event of retraction, the Editorial Board may:
Authors have the right to appeal the retraction decision within 10 working days of receiving the decision.
Appeals are reviewed by the Editorial Board and, if necessary, with the involvement of independent experts.
The journal ensures that its retraction procedures comply with international standards in publication ethics and scholarly publishing.